BusinessBayer AG operates as a life science company worldwide, it is one of the world's leaders in designing, producing, and marketing,
The Consumer Health segment markets nonprescription over-the-counter medicines, medical products, medicated skincare products, nutritional supplements, and self-care solutions in dermatology, nutritional supplements, pain and cardiovascular risk prevention, digestive health, allergy, and cold and cough. The Crop Science segment offers chemical and biological crop protection products, improved plant traits, seeds, digital solution, and pest and weed control products, as well as customer service for agriculture. This segment also provides
Net sales are distributed by product family as follows:
Bayer Brand’s PortfolioAs we see in the picture above, Bayer AG owns and markets a wide range of brands across its different business segments. Some of the notable brands include pharmaceuticals, such Aspring, Xarelo, Adalat, Levitra and Nexavar. Bayern’s widely recognized agriculture brands are Roundup, Dekalb, Seresto, Poncho and Basta, in addition to the agriculture and pharmaceuticals brand, Bayern owns a trusted and popular brand such as Claritin, Alveve and DR. Scoll’s. Key DataBayer AG - Technical AnalysisHistorical daily share price chart and data for Bayer AG since 2017 adjusted for splits. The latest closing stock price for Bayer as of April 08, 2023, is 60.
It is with a good reason once, George Box said, “ All models are wrong, but some are useful”. Many widely used financial models assume a normal distribution of stock price returns, despite increasing evidence that this is not the case. These assumptions ignore the real chances of extreme events and fluctuations occurring, as we can see few declines greater than 8 %, with one recently in March 2020 decline over 10% in ROC model, therefore we can observe they underestimate the risk of investing in the market. Briefly the most significant difference in the case between normal and power law distributions is tail size. Power law distributions have fatter tails than normal distributions, meaning that the probability of extreme events happening is much higher in power law distributions than in those that are normal. When we look at BAYER last 1000 trading days distribution, it is clear that 80 % of the price fluctuation falls within the range of [ 13 to 16]. BAYRY Yearly Adjusted price 2017-12-29 25.22 2018-12-31 21.79 2019-12-31 15.70 2020-12-31 15.20 2021-12-31 14.32 2022-12-30 14.49 2023-04-03 15.30 Financial HealthyBayer is leader in life sciences, it aims to improve health and spread health around the world by focusing on innovation and sustainability core competitive advantage. As date April 2023 Bayer is the world's 229th most valuable company by market cap according to our data. The following chart provide a summary of BAYER AG. Income Statements Eleven-years compound annual growth rate in revenue. The revenue CAGR for Bayer (BAYN.BE) stock is 0.37% for the period of 2022. Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is a commonly used business and investing term that measures the growth of a metric over multiple periods. CAGRs are useful since they reduce the effect of volatility in specific periods, unlike arithmetic means. We can conclude that Bayer has one of the worst CAGR within the blue-chip companies. What do they offer ?ValuationPrice to Earnings Ratio vs IndustryBayer AG ~ Price-To-Earnings vs Peers: As date April 2023 BAYN is good value based on its Price-To-Earnings Ratio 14.3x compared to the peer average 27.8x. Performance Highlights Bayer AG generates 8 cents for each dollar of sales, while Eli Lilly, which operates in the same sector generates 3x than Bayer. Based on the latest financial disclosure, Bayer AG performs far less than that of the drag manufactures sector and significantly less than that of the pharmaceuticals industry. The P/E ratio is an excellent indicator that we can rely on while investing in equites. Comparing Bayer’s P/E ratio and market cap Since a stock's share price can swing wildly from day to day and week to week, we had argued that a market cap is not really the best way to determine what a company is worth. Using discounted cash flow analysis is a more useful way to value a company (and thus know what to pay for its shares), though as with any valuation method it has its own flaws. Bayer’s Monthly Performance We notice that on the table, Bayern overall had bad performance for several years. Bayer AG - CompetitorsBayer’s products and services are designed to benefit people and improve their quality of life Some of the key competitors of Bayer AG in each of its business segments are: Pharmaceuticals:
DowDuPont Inc. Consumer Health:
Bayer AG - SWOT AnalysisSwot Analysis of BayerThe goal of SWOT analysis is to formulate a successful strategy for the future. Accordingly, the SWOT analysis of Bayer is carried out. Strengths:Strong brand portfolio: Bayer AG owns and markets well-known brands in the pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and consumer health sectors, which provide a competitive advantage in the market. Diversified business segments: Bayer AG operates in multiple industries, including pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and consumer health, which diversifies its revenue streams and reduces dependency on a single market. Research and development capabilities: Bayer AG has a strong focus on research and development (R&D), investing significantly in innovation to develop new products and technologies, which can lead to competitive advantages and market leadership. Global presence: Bayer AG has a global presence with operations in multiple countries, which provides access to diverse markets and customer bases. Weaknesses:Litigation risks: Bayer AG has faced and continues to face legal challenges related to its acquisition of Monsanto and the alleged harmful effects of glyphosate-containing products, which could result in financial liabilities and reputational damage. Integration challenges: The acquisition of Monsanto has posed integration challenges for Bayer AG, including cultural differences, operational complexities, and regulatory hurdles. Dependence on key products: Bayer AG's revenue is dependent on a few key products, including Xarelto and Eylea, which exposes the company to risks associated with product concentration and potential loss of exclusivity. Opportunities:Growth in emerging markets: Bayer AG has opportunities for growth in emerging markets, where rising population, urbanization, and increasing healthcare and agricultural needs present significant market potential. Expansion of digital solutions: Bayer AG can leverage digital technologies, such as data analytics, precision farming, and telemedicine, to develop and market innovative solutions for the pharmaceuticals and agriculture sectors. Focus on sustainability: The increasing demand for sustainable products and practices presents an opportunity for Bayer AG to develop and market environmentally friendly products and solutions, aligning with changing consumer preferences and regulatory trends. Threats:Competitive landscape: Bayer AG faces intense competition from other global players in the pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and consumer health sectors, which could impact its market share, pricing, and profitability. Regulatory challenges: Bayer AG operates in highly regulated industries, and changes in regulations related to product approvals, pricing, labeling, and safety could pose challenges and impact its business operations. Economic and market risks: Bayer AG is exposed to risks associated with economic and market factors, such as currency fluctuations, inflation, trade policies, and geopolitical uncertainties, which could impact its financial performance and operations. Bayer AG - ManagementAverage management tenure 5.1 years. CEO – Wernwr Baumann (60 years young): have 13.3 years tenure, with a compensation of €7,825,000 Mr. Werner Baumann has been Chairman of Management Board and Chief Executive Officer at Bayer AG since May 1, 2016 and has been its Member of Management Board since January 1, 2010. Since January 1, 2020, Mr. Baumann is a Chief Sustainability Officer of Bayer AG. He served as Labor Director at Bayer AG. until January 31, 2021. Mr. Baumann served as Chief of Strategy & Portfolio Management - Europe / Middle East / Africa Region at Bayer AG. He served as the Chairman of Management Board and Chief Executive Officer of Bayer HealthCare AG from March 31, 2015 to December 2015. He served as the Chief Strategy & Portfolio Officer of Bayer AG from October 1, 2014 to May 1, 2016 and was responsible for the Europe, Middle East and Africa Region. He served as Chief Financial Officer of Bayer AG from January 1, 2010 to October 1, 2014. He served as the President of Business Development & Licensing at Bayer HealthCare AG since March 1, 2006 and also served as its President of Central Administration & Organization from July 2002 to 2009. He joined Bayer AG in Leverkusen as a Commercial Trainee on April 1, 1966. Mr. Baumann served as a Member of Management Board at Bayer HealthCare AG since October 1, 2003 and served as its Labor Director. As a member of the Board of Management and Labor Director of Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Berlin, Germany, from 2006 through September 2009, he actively participated in its integration into the former HealthCare subgroup. He served as Vice President of German Chemical Industry Association (VCI), Frankfurt. He served as President of German Chemical Industry Association from September 2005 to September 2007 and Vice President of Federation of German Industries (BDI), Berlin. He served as Head of Business Planning & Administration at Bayer HealthCare AG until 2002. He joined Bayer AG in 1988 and served in Southwest Europe section of Corporate Finance Department. He served as Controller of Bayer Hispania Commercial in Barcelona, Spain since 1991 and also served as Assistant to Managing Director since 1995. He moved to Bayer Corporation in Tarrytown, New York, where he held various positions in Bayer's global Diagnostics Business Group. Since 1978, he served as Managing Director and administrative head of the Peruvian company. Since April 1996, he served as Head of Corporate Planning and Controlling in Leverkusen. From 1970 to 1975, Mr. Baumann established and managed the finance and accounting department of Bayer Industrial S.A. He serves as Chairman of Supervisory Board at Bayer CropScience AG. He served as Chairman of Supervisory Board at Covestro AG until March 26, 2015. He serves as a Member of Supervisory board of Henkel KGaA. He serves as a Member of the Advisory Council at Allianz Global Corporate & Specialty SE. Mr. Baumann served as a Member of Supervisory Board at Bayer Business Services GmbH. He studied Economics from RWTH Aachen Technical University and the University of Cologne. WHO OWNS BAYER – OWNERSHIP STRUCTURENorges Bank Investment Management owns 27.5 million shares of Bayer AG, represents 2.8% of total shares outstanding, as of April 2023. Norges Bank investment, which manages the Government Pension Fund abroad on behalf of the Ministry of Finance. The value of the fund was NOK 14,372 billion in April 2023. TOP SHAREHOLDERS
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BusinessSafaricom PLC is a leading telecommunication company in East Africa. It provides
In addition, it provides m-tiba, a health payment application; M Salama platform; FULIZA, an overdraft facility that allows customers to complete their transaction in case of insufficient funds; M-Shwari, a micro-lending/savings product; M-Kesho, an equity bank account; and Shupavu291, an education platform that enables students to study without an internet connection. The company serves individual, corporate, and SME customers, as well as government agencies. It sells its products and services through dealers and retail outlets. Safaricom PLC was incorporated in 1997 and is based in Nairobi, Kenya. As today Safaricom PLC serves over 42 million customers connected and play a critical role in the society, supporting over one million jobs both directly and indirectly while our total economic value was estimated at KES 362 Billion ($ 3.2 billion) for the 12 months through March 2021. They are listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) and with annual revenues of close to KES 298 Billion ($2.5 billion) as at March 2022. Safaricom Plc. Stock price fluctuationsStock prices are driven by a variety of factors, but ultimately on the long-term horizon stock price are driven by earnings power and the managers ability to create values for every dollar that deployed. Current Safaricom's stock prices as 13 March 2023 are at the level of 2017 and 2019. HOW DOES SAFARICOM Plc. MAKE MONEY ?CAGRs are useful since they reduce the effect of volatility in specific periods, unlike arithmetic means. We can find the calculation details for Safaricom’s Revenue CAGR outlined below. The calculation starts by listing values for Revenue for the last ten fiscal years that are required to calculate CAGR: Price to Earnings Ratio vs IndustrySafaricom ~ Price-To-Earnings vs Peers: SCOM is good value based on its Price-To-Earnings Ratio 14x compared to the peer average 24.2x. What do they offer ? CompetitorsThe Kenya Telecom Market is expected to witness growth CAGR of 2.00% during the forecast period of 2021 to 2026, this is approximately a valuation of $3.5 billion. Most of the major telecom companies in Kenya, such as Safaricom, Airtel, and Telkom, are promote innovation by making significant R&D investments consistently. The Kenya’s telecommunication sector, which underpins the operations of all enterprises, public safety groups, and the government, is a crucial part of the country's economy. The number of active mobile subscriptions as 31 March 2023 stood at 61.4 million, representing an increase of 2.6% from the preceding quarter. Subsequently, mobile (SIM) penetration grew, by 3.3% points to stand at 129.1% during the period under review. During the same period, the data for Jamii Telecommunications Limited – a privately owned Kenyan telecommunication service provider offering broadband and mobile services under the "FAIBA" brand – is included in cellular mobile services sub-section which main services are delivering mobile data through 4G but also include Voice over LTE (VoLTE). Financial HealthSafaricom celebrated the 15th anniversary of the introduction of M-PESA with various awareness campaigns. With its over 30 million monthly active customers, more than 3.2 million businesses, and over 42,000 developers engaged in ongoing development within the Super Apps, some 50 million transactions per day, and a velocity of funds exceeding KShs 2 trillion monthly, M-PESA truly constitutes a massive ecosystem whose potential is only just beginning to make itself felt.
ManagementAverage management tenure 2.3 years. CEO – Peter Nfegwa (53 years young): have 2.9 years tenure, with a compensation of KSH 288 930 000. Mr. Peter Waititu Ndegwa has been Chief Executive Officer and Executive Director of Safaricom PLC since April 1, 2020. He serves as the Chief Executive Officer of Safaricom PLC. at Vodacom Group Limited since April 1, 2020. He served as the Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director of Guinness Nigeria Plc from September 4, 2015 until June 30, 2018. Mr. Ndegwa served as Managing Director of Guinness Ghana Breweries Ltd. until July 20, 2015. Mr. Ndegwa served as Group Finance Director of East African Breweries Ltd., since August 28, 2008 and served as its Managing Director of Serengeti Breweries Limited. He was responsible for Diageo PLC operations in 50 countries in Western and Eastern Europe, Russia, Middle East and North Africa regions. Mr. Ndegwa has experience in sales, Financial Services, General Management, Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG), Business strategy, Finance Operations, business advisory and finance in a variety of sectors including retail, manufacturing, banking and insurance and general services. He joined EABL as Head of Group Strategy in January 2004 and Change Director Sales since March 2006, Head a radical change programme within the sales and commercial area. He served as EABL Sales Director of Kenya. He trained and worked with PricewaterhouseCoopers, in a variety of senior roles both in Eastern Africa and in the UK and served as an Associate Director in the Corporate Finance and Strategy practice. He holds an MBA in Strategy and Finance from the London Business School and an Economics degree from the University of Nairobi. He is also a Certified Public Accountant. Ownership Safaricom were founded in 1997 as a fully owned subsidiary of Telkom Kenya before a 40 percent acquisition by Vodafone Group PLC in May 2000, and a public offering of 25 percent shares through the NSE in 2008. Distribution of shareholders
BUSINESSAlphabet Inc. is a holding company which are organized around 6 areas of activities: the largest of which is Google. Google is divided in two segments, Google Services and Google Cloud; they also report all non-Google businesses collectively as Other Bets. YouTube provides people with entertainment, information, and opportunities to learn something new. And Google Assistant offers the best way to get things done seamlessly across different devices, providing intelligent help throughout a person's day, no matter where they are. To achieve their objective goal Google are continually innovating and building new product features that will help their users, partners, customers, and communities. Google have invested more than $100 billion in R&D over the last five years. Other Bets also remain focused on innovation through technology that can positively affect people's lives. For instance, Waymo is working toward making transportation safer and easier for everyone and Verily is developing tools and platforms to improve health outcome. Nest Labs is develops and production of home automation solutions: Wi-Fi networks synchronized with the control programs for thermostats, smoke detectors and security systems; while Google X research into artificial intelligence. Google Ventures an investment services: management of an investment fund devoted to young businesses that operate in the new technology sector and Goggle capital an investment fund intended for already developed companies. Google Fiber focuses on fiber optic internet access network infrastructure. The company was founded in 1998 and is headquartered in Mountain View, California. BRANDSGoogle’s intellectual property rights are valuable, and any inability to protect them could reduce the value of our products, services, and brands as well as affect our ability to compete. KEY DATAGOOG- STOCK PRICE FLUCTUATIONS [2017- SYS.DATE]MONTHLY HISTORICAL STOCK PRICEHOW WAS |